Softener System

A softener system, also known as a water softener, is a device used to remove minerals such as calcium, magnesium, and certain other metal cations from hard water. Hard water contains high levels of these minerals, which can cause scaling in pipes and appliances, reduce the effectiveness of soaps and detergents, and leave deposits on surfaces.

The softener system typically consists of a tank filled with resin beads coated with a salt solution (usually sodium chloride). As hard water flows through the tank, the resin beads attract and remove the calcium and magnesium ions, replacing them with sodium ions. This process is called ion exchange.

Periodically, the resin bed needs to be regenerated to remove the accumulated minerals and recharge the resin with sodium ions. This is done by flushing the resin with a concentrated salt solution, which displaces the calcium and magnesium ions and restores the resin's ability to soften water.